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2007, Vol. 36 No. 1-12
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| Dec. 2007, Vol.36 No.12
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Web Release Date:
November 17, 2007
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| 1402 |
Self-assembly and Nanostructure Formation of Multi-functional Organic π-Donors |
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Masahiko Iyoda, Masashi Hasegawa, and Hideo Enozawa |
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Self-assembly of tetrathiafulvalenes, their conjugated oligomers, and giant macrocyclic oligothiophenes in solution leads to important solvatochromic, thermochromic, electrochromic, and switching properties. Furthermore, based on the self-assembly in solution, various nanostructures can be constructed in the solid state to produce nanowires, nanoparticles, nanotubes, tapes, ribbons, and microcrystals. This article highlights the self-aggregation of organic π-donors in solution and the formation of nanostructures from these π-donors in the solid state. |
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| Nov. 2007, Vol.36 No.11
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Web Release Date:
October 13, 2007
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| 1296 |
Recent Development of Homogeneous Transition Metal Catalysts with Nanosize Ligands |
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Yasushi Tsuji and Tetsuaki Fujihara |
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In this highlight review, recent development in homogeneous transition metal catalysts with well-defined nanosize ligands is overviewed. These systems realize efficient catalysts with remarkable enhancement of catalytic activity, suppression of metal aggregation, and unprecedented selectivity. |
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| Oct. 2007, Vol.36 No.10
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Web Release Date:
September 27, 2007
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| 1188 |
Supercritical Hydrothermal Synthesis of Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanoparticles |
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Tadafumi Adschiri |
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This paper summarizes specific features of supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanoparticles: Nano single crystals of variety of metal or metal oxides can be synthesized. By introducing oxygen or hydrogen gas, oxidizing/reducing atmosphere can be easily controlled. Synthesis of organic–inorganic hybrid nanoparticles by introducing organic ligand is another unique character of this method. The synthesized hybrid nanoparticles can be perfectly dispersed in organic solvents, from which self-assembled super lattice structures can be formed. |
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| Sep. 2007, Vol.36 No.9
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Web Release Date:
August 25, 2007
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| 1082 |
Asymmetric Catalytic Redox System: Tethered Bis(8-quinolinolato) (TBOx) Chromium(III/II) Complexes |
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Hisashi Yamamoto and Guoyao Xia |
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TBOxCrIIICl/TBOxCrII system is an ideal for catalytic asymmetric redox system. Because of the electron density of the TBOxH ligand, high turnover numbers are expected and hence allow decrease in the chromium catalyst loadings and acceleration of the reaction rate. Furthermore, high reactivity and high diastereo-/enantioselectivity are shown in asymmetric pinacol coupling reactions of aldehydes, asymmetric NH allylation reaction of aldehydes, asymmetric allenylation reactions of aldehydes, and some other reactions, which proceed exceedingly efficiently catalyzed by the TBOxCrIIICl redox system, due to the well-designed chiral environment of the ligands and the cis-β configuration of the center Cr metal. |
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| Aug. 2007, Vol.36 No.8
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Web Release Date:
July 25, 2007
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| 956 |
Design, Synthesis, and Performance of NTA-modified Lipids as Templates for Histidine-tagged Protein Crystallization |
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David H. Thompson, Mingkang Zhou, Jessica Grey, and Hee-kwon Kim |
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Current methods of drug discovery and development typically involve either structure-based drug design approaches or high-throughput screening methods for lead identification. The structure-based discovery process relies heavily upon the labor-intensive determination of three-dimensional protein structures using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and NMR techniques. Although tens of thousands of soluble protein structures have been resolved at the atomic level using these methods, there are many drug targets, particularly integral membrane proteins, whose structures have not been elucidated. In the case of XRD, this limitation often arises from the lack of reliable and predictable methods for protein crystallization. The extensive number of proteins crystallized by the interfacial templating approach suggests that this method may offer great promise for structural biology applications, particularly for proteins that do not readily form X-ray quality crystals from bulk solution. This review highlights the various approaches that have been used for templating of protein crystallization at gas–liquid and solid–liquid interfaces. Special emphasis is placed on the synthesis of NTA- and IDA-conjugated lipids, their use in templating and concentrating proteins at lipid monolayer interfaces, and protein structure elucidations that have been facilitated by these metal-chelating lipids. Current approaches to control the nucleation and growth of protein crystals involving microfluidics, dip pen nanolithography, and non-covalent symmetry-based templating approaches are also discussed. Taken together, the progress in this field suggests that the interfacial templating approach to crystallization can develop into a powerful tool for high-throughput structural analysis by providing a universal, readily controllable method for crystallizing proteins. |
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| Jul. 2007, Vol.36 No.7
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Web Release Date:
June 9, 2007
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| 820 |
Participation of Geminal Bonds in Organic Reactions |
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Yuji Naruse and Satoshi Inagaki |
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The σ-bonds geminal to the π-reacting center have been proposed to participate in the organic reactions via the cyclic transition states and to control the reactivity and the selectivity. An electron-donating geminal σ bond at the Z position enhances the reactivity of the olefins. An electron-donating σ bond prefers the Z position of the π bond in the products of the reverse reactions. The effects of the geminal bond participation come from the orbital phase properties of the cyclic interactions including the geminal σ bonds. |
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| Jun. 2007, Vol.36 No.6
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Web Release Date:
May 9, 2007
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| 692 |
Fundamentals and Applications of Soluble Carbon Nanotubes |
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Naotoshi Nakashima and Tsuyohiko Fujigaya |
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In this review article, we describe i) a strategy for individual solubilization of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in water or organic solvents and ii) some fundamental properties and applications of the solubilized SWNTs. |
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| May 2007, Vol.36 No.5
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Web Release Date:
March 31, 2007
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| 578 |
Development of New Semiconducting Materials for Durable High-performance Air-stable Organic Field-effect Transistors |
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Kazuo Takimiya, Yoshihito Kunugi, and Tetsuo Otsubo |
| [Full Text PDF(J-STAGE)] Open Access Article |
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New thiophene- and selenophene-fused aromatic compounds were successfully developed as high-performance semiconducting materials for organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Among them, the most advanced compounds designed on consideration of structure–function relationship showed durable air-stable FET performance. This article highlights the research strategy and development of these superior compounds as well as the molecular factors for the improvement of mobility, sensitivity, and stability, which are very informative for the design of practical semiconductors. |
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| Apr. 2007, Vol.36 No.4
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Web Release Date:
March 14, 2007
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| 480 |
Light Energy Conversion and Storage with Soft Carbonaceous Materials that Solidify Mesoscopic Electrochemical Interfaces |
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Tsutomu Miyasaka, Nobuyuki Ikeda, Takurou N. Murakami, and Kenjiro Teshima |
| [Full Text PDF(J-STAGE)] Open Access Article |
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Electrochemical interfaces of high surface area created by mesoscopic materials realize high-efficiency conversion of visible light energy and storage of electric energy. Carbon-based soft composite materials enable solidification of the porous electrochemical interface and efficienct charge transfer across the interface. They are also applied to incorporation of energy storage function in a photovoltaic cell. New approaches for solid-state photoelectrochemistry are described. |
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| Mar. 2007, Vol.36 No.3
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Web Release Date:
February 3, 2007
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| 348 |
Applications of Single-site Photocatalysts Implanted within the Silica Matrixes of Zeolite and Mesoporous Silica |
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Hiromi Yamashita and Kohsuke Mori |
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The tetrahedrally coordinated metal oxide (titanium, vanadium, chromium, and molybdenum oxides) moieties can be implanted and isolated in the silica matrixes of microporous zeolite and mesoporous silica materials and named as “single-site photocatalysts.” Under UV-light irradiation these single-site photocatalysts form the charge-transfer excited state, i.e., the excited electron–hole pair state which localizes quite near to each other as compared to the electron and hole produced in semiconducting materials, plays a significant role in various photocatalytic reactions. These single-site photocatalysts not only can promote photocatalytic reactions but also can be utilized to synthesis of functional materials. |
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| Feb. 2007, Vol.36 No.2
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Web Release Date:
December 26, 2006
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| 200 |
Catalytic Direct Arylation of Heteroaromatic Compounds |
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Tetsuya Satoh and Masahiro Miura |
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The diagram is acceptable in a colored form. Publication of the colored G.A. is free of charge. For publication, electronic data of the colored G.A. should be submitted. Preferred data format is EPS, PS, CDX, PPT, and TIFF. If the data of your G.A. is “bit-mapped image” data (not “vector data”), note that its print-resolution should be 300 dpi. |
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| Jan. 2007, Vol.36 No.1
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Web Release Date:
December 23, 2006
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| 2 |
Alkyl Phosphinites: Versatile Synthetic Intermediates for Dehydration Condensation Reactions |
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Teruaki Mukaiyama and Hokuto Yamabe |
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Recent advances in the oxidation–reduction condensation reaction of alkyl phosphinites are described. The carbon–sulfur, carbon–carbon, or carbon–nitrogen bond forming reactions and cyanation, isocyanation reactions are established. These reactions proceed through inversion of configuration even when tertiary alkyl phosphinites are employed, providing thus, a novel route to chiral hydrosulfides, amines, nitriles, and isocyanides from easily available chiral alcohols. |
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